Emas dalam pandanganku

Endapan Emas Di Indonesia.
 
Potensi endapan emas terdapat di hampir setiap daerah di Indonesia, seperti di Pulau Sumatera, 

Kepulauan Riau, Pulau Kalimantan, Pulau Jawa, Pulau Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, dan Papua.

 Ekstraksi Emas.
 Amalgamasi.
 
Amalgamasi adalah proses penyelaputan partikel emas oleh 
air raksa dan membentuk amalgam (Au – Hg). 
Amalgam masih merupakan proses ekstraksi emas yang paling sederhana dan murah, akan tetapi proses efektif untuk bijih emas yang berkadar tinggi dan mempunyai ukuran butir kasar (> 74 mikron)
 dan dalam membentuk emas murni yang bebas (free native gold).

Proses amalgamasi merupakan proses kimia fisika, 
apabila amalgamnya dipanaskan, maka akan terurai menjadi
 elemen-elemen yaitu air raksa dan bullion emas.  

Amalgam dapat terurai dengan pemanasan di dalam sebuah retort, air raksanya akan menguap dan dapat diperoleh kembali dari kondensasi uap air raksa tersebut.

 Sementara Au-Ag tetap tertinggal di dalam retort sebagai logam.

 Sianidasi.

Proses Sianidasi terdiri dari dua tahap penting, yaitu proses pelarutan dan proses pemisahan emas dari larutannya.
Pelarut yang biasa digunakan dalam proses cyanidasi adalah NaCN, KCN, Ca(CN)2, atau campuran ketiganya. 
Pelarut yang paling sering digunakan adalah NaCN, karena mampu melarutkan emas lebih baik dari pelarut lainnya. 

Secara umum reaksi pelarutan Au dan Ag adalah sebagai berikut:

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4Au + 8CN- + O2 + 2 H2O = 4Au(CN)2- + 4OH-
4Ag + 8CN- + O2 + 2 H2O = 4Ag(CN)2- + 4OH-

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Pada tahap kedua yakni pemisahan logam emas dari larutannya dilakukan dengan pengendapan dengan menggunakan
 serbuk Zn (Zinc precipitation). Reaksi yang terjadi adalah sebagai berikut:

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2 Zn + 2 NaAu(CN)2 + 4 NaCN +2 H2O = 2 Au + 2 NaOH + 2 Na2Zn(CN)4 + H2
2 Zn + 2 NaAg(CN)2 + 4 NaCN +2 H2O = 2 Ag + 2 NaOH + 2 Na2Zn(CN)4 + H2


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Penggunaan serbuk Zn merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif untuk larutan yang mengandung konsentrasi
 emas kecil. Serbuk Zn yang ditambahkan kedalam larutan akan mengendapkan logam emas dan perak. Prinsip 
pengendapan ini mendasarkan deret Clenel, yang disusun berdasarkan perbedaan urutan aktivitas elektro kimia
 dari logam-logam dalam larutan cyanide, yaitu Mg, Al, Zn, Cu, Au, Ag, Hg, Pb, Fe, Pt. setiap logam yang 
berada disebelah kiri dari ikatan kompleks sianidanya dapat mengendapkan logam yang digantikannya. 
Jadi sebenarnya tidak hanya Zn yang dapat mendesak Au dan Ag, tetapi Cu maupun Al dapat juga dipakai,
 tetapi karena harganya lebih mahal maka lebih baik menggunakan Zn. Proses pengambilan emas-perak dari
 larutan kaya dengan menggunakan serbuk Zn ini disebut “Proses Merill Crowe”.

Ethernet Technology

Ethernet standard based computer network that covers a particular metropolitan area is called metro Ethernet. Metro Ethernet connect business local area networks, LANs and individual end users to a wide area network, WAN or to the Internet. Metro Ethernet has better reliability and scalability, is highly cost-effective and offers supreme bandwidth management in comparison to other networks.

Often corporations, agencies and academic institutions in large metros rely on Metro Ethernet in connecting their different branches to intranet. Ethernet supports very high bandwidth with granularity, something that contemporary SDH connections can't offer. A network based on Ethernet access can also easily connect to customer network now that Ethernet is commonly used in corporate and even personal residential networks.
A couple of key points that attract the subscribers towards metro Ethernet services are its ease of use, cost effectiveness and usage flexibility. Both customer and the service provider get advantaged by clubbing Ethernet in the Metropolitan Area Network. The Ethernet interface is automatically inexpensive because of its broad usage in mostly all networking end products. Also, Ethernet services have lower equipment and services cost which makes it further cost effective.

Ethernet services are provided over a standard and widely available Ethernet interface. From an interoperability purpose choosing an Ethernet service simplifies things operationally as virtually all hosts and equipments connect to network using Ethernet. It also has the advantage in this it does not require advanced understanding of IP and other related protocols.

Ethernet is the about flexible of all solutions. Most Ethernet services allow the subscribers to increase bandwidth dynamically. Another good point is that the subscribers are not required to purchase new equipment or technical assistance for these changes to take effect.

Atkins Diet – A small guide by James Little

After reading though parts of the book and sections of the website, I have compiled the following document that gives you the basis of the Atkins diet. I’ll planning on doing this diet in the future, so I’ll keep the document up to date if I find or create more resources.
1) Resources http://tom.cuy.net/atkins/ http://www.atkinsdietbulletinboard.com/index.php http://atkins.com/ http://www.atkinsdietmenu.net 
2) Phase 1 : Induction Stage 
You're given a set of rules that are outlined below. In short, you are allowed 20 grams a day of carbohydrate for your two week induction. You are given an “Acceptable Foods list” which you must not stray from. Full Rules. This phase of the Atkins Nutritional Approach™ must be followed precisely to achieve success. If you do it at all incorrectly you may prevent weight loss and end up saying, "Here is another weight-loss plan that didn't work." Also, check over "Extra Cautions," below. Memorize the following rules as though your life depends upon it. In fact, it does. 1 Eat either three regular-size meals a day or four or five smaller meals. Do not skip meals or go more than six waking hours without eating. 2 Eat liberally of combinations of fat and protein in the form of poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs and red meat, as well as pure, natural fat in the form of butter, mayonnaise, olive oil, safflower, sunflower and other oils (preferably expeller-pressed or cold-pressed). 3 Eat no more than 20 grams a day of carbohydrate, most of which must come in the form of salad greens and other vegetables. You can eat approximately three loosely packed cups of salad, or two cups of salad plus one cup of other vegetables (see Acceptable Foods). 4 Eat absolutely no fruit, bread, pasta, grains, starchy vegetables or dairy products other than cheese, cream or butter. Do not eat nuts or seeds in the first two weeks. Foods that combine protein and carbohydrates, so much as chickpeas, kidney beans and other legumes, are not permitted at this time. 
5 Eat nothing that isn't on the Acceptable Foods list. And that means absolutely nothing. Your "just this one taste won't hurt" rationalization is the kiss of failure during this phase of Atkins. 6 Adjust the quantity you eat to suit your appetite, especially as it decreases. When you're hungry, eat the amount that makes you feel satisfied, but not stuffed. When you're not hungry, eat a small controlled carbohydrate snack to accompany your nutritional supplements. 7 Don't assume any food is low in carbohydrate-instead, read labels. Check the carb count (it's on every package) or use a carbohydrate gram counter. 8 consume out as often as you wish but be on guard for hidden carbs in gravies, sauces and dressings. Gravy is often made with flour or cornstarch, and sugar is sometimes an ingredient in dressing. 9.Avoid foods or drinks sweetened with aspartame. Instead, use sucralose or saccharin. Be sure to count each packet of any of these as 1 gram of carbs. 10 Avoid coffee, tea and soft drinks that contain caffeine. Excessive caffeine has been shown to cause low blood sugar, which can make you crave sugar. 11 Drink at least eight 8-ounce glasses of water each day to hydrate your body, avoid constipation and flush out the by-products of burning fat. 12If you are constipated, mix a tablespoon or more of psyllium husks in a cup or more of water and drink daily. Or mix ground flaxseed into a shake or sprinkle wheat bran on a salad or vegetables. 13At a minimum, take a good daily multivitamin with minerals, including potassium, magnesium and calcium, but without iron. 
Acceptable Foods within Induction Stage 
These are the foods you may eat liberally during Induction: all fish all fowl all shellfish all meat all eggs *Oysters and mussels are higher in carbs than other shellfish, so limit them to four ounces per day. **Processed meats, such as ham, bacon, pepperoni, salami, hot chases and other luncheon meats-and some fish-may be cured with added sugar and will contribute carbs. Try to avoid meat and fish products cured with nitrates, which are known carcinogens. Also beware of products that are not exclusively meat, fish or fowl, such as imitation fish, meatloaf and breaded foods. Finally, don't consume more than four ounces of organ meats a day. 

THE SCARLET LETTER

mind of perfect sympathy; as if the printed book, thrown at large
on the wide world, were certain to find out the divided segment
of the writer's own nature, and complete his circle of existence
by bringing him into communion with it. It is scarcely decorous,
however, to speak all, even where we speak impersonally. But, as
thoughts are frozen and utterance benumbed, unless the speaker
stand in some true relation with his audience, it may be
pardonable to imagine that a friend, a kind and apprehensive,
though not the closest friend, is listening to our talk; and
then, a native reserve being thawed by this genial consciousness,
we may prate of the circumstances that lie around us, and even of
ourself, but still keep the inmost Me behind its veil. To this
extent, and within these limits, an author, methinks, may be
autobiographical, without violating either the reader's rights or
his own. 

From a Railway Carriage

Faster than fairies, faster than witches,
Bridges and houses, hedges and ditches;
And charging along like troops in a battle
All through the meadows the horses and cattle:
All of the sights of the hill and the plain
Fly as thick as driving rain;
And ever again, in the wink of an eye,
Painted stations whistle by.
Here is a child who clambers and scrambles,
All by himself and gathering brambles;
Here is a tramp who stands and gazes;
And here is the green for stringing the daisies!
Here is a cart runaway in the road
Lumping along with man and load;
And here is a mill, and there is a river:
Each a glimpse and gone forever!

A Thought

It is very nice to think
The world is full of meat and drink,
With little children saying grace
In every Christian kind of place.

HOW TO MAKE MONEY WITH YOUR JUNK MAIL

The term "junk mail" is a well-known term. To the common guy or gal on the 
street, "junk mail" to them is advertising flyers from the local grocery 
store and pizza shop that arrive in their mail every day. To the mail order 
dealer, it means something totally opposite because a mail order dealer in 
St Paul MN is not going to get a pizza ad for a shop in Jackson MS.

Therefore, "junk mail" refers to pyramid schemes, chain letters and other 
worthless information that you are inundated with as a newcomer. Often you 
will get so much of it that you will think this is all mail order has to 
offer and quit. THIS IS NOT TRUE. This is only one phase of the mail order 
industry _ and it's too bad that beginners get hit with the bulk of it. 
As you continue to grow in the mail order business, the amount of "junk mail" 
you receive will diminish compared to the legitimate offers and orders. 
This is how you know your business is growing in a successful direction.

Back to the matter at hand. How can you make money with this mail? 
One way is by studying and analyzing the piece of mail from a marketing 
standpoint. Since people obviously are making money with "junk mail" 
(it would have phased out long ago if it didn't) it's up to you to find 
out HOW they are doing it.

Is it the words they use? Normally, "junk mail" offers appeal to a person's 
emotional wants and desires. They claim to offer hidden secrets, untold 
wealth and quick cash. They make false claims by telling people they can now 
send their kids to college, buy their wife a beautiful diamond ring, take a 
well-deserved vacation to an exotic tropic island and pay off all their 
debts.

When the person reads this stuff and forms visions of sugarplums in their 
heads, they will rush right away and send away for the product immediately. 
What made them believe you? How was the "junk mail" written to cause a person 
to immediately react in this manner? These are things you have to study and 
determine. Then, use this new found knowledge to sell your own product.

The problem with "junk mail" is that if a person gets all hyped up and sends 
away for the product they have built it up to be bigger-than-life. And when 
the product or information they ordered arrives, it simply is a sheet of 
paper or another piece of "junk mail" trying to sell them something else. 
The person feels cheated, stupid, and taken advantage of.

People may always exist that will respond to this type of "junk mail." 
But you can use the same marketing concept to provide the people with 
something REAL. This way, they won't feel cheated, stupid and taken 
advantage of. This is where the "junk mail" authors who wrote this stuff 
in the first place overlook the true marketing potential.

More money could be made if the person buying something is satisfied and 
makes a repeat purchase. In fact, newcomers are eager to learn and will 
buy anything to get started learning. By taking advantage of them only 
means that you will make one sale in that person's lifetime. But if the 
product is good and worthwhile _ they will order from you again and again. 
 
Many newcomers today will be big businesses tomorrow. And I'm sure if a 
newcomer found a honest company that really helped them break into the mail 
order field they would continue to do business with them when they really 
did make millions of dollars. See what I mean? The back-end sales for a 
lifetime would be worth the investment.

I'm not saying that you can take a piece of "junk mail" claiming to make the 
person $1 million in 30 days or less and turn it into a valuable and 
worthwhile product. Since this is a downright lie, there is no way to market 
this honestly. However _ you can study the piece of "junk mail" to determine 
what words and phrases were used and how the ad is written so you can 
understand how to present a REAL product that people will be eager to buy.

Then, pass the word and tell every new person you come into contact with 
about these pie-in-the-sky-schemes. You might even want to try writing to 
some of the people listed on the chain letters. Explain how all this "junk 
mail" only appeals to their emotional needs and how the company who 
originally wrote these materials are USING them to only get their money. 
If everyone passed along this information _ it wouldn't take very many years 
before we could put a stop to all this nonsense.